Abstract Background The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acts as a cellular Ca2+ store and a site for oxidative protein folding, which is controlled by the reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione-disulfide (GSSG) Wing redox pair.Although depletion of luminal Ca2+ from the ER provokes a rapid and reversible shift towards a more reducing poi

Kin selection and multilevel selection are two major frameworks in evolutionary biology that aim at explaining the Face Primer evolution of social behaviors.However, the relationship between these two theories has been plagued by controversy for almost half a century and debates about their relevance and usefulness in explaining social evolution se

BackgroundMany investigations reported the association between human tumors and JCPyV, a polyomavirus with oncogenic potential.The association has been supported by studies that found JCPyV footprints in CRC and gliomas of different types.Indeed, JCPyV footprints including its nucleic acids and Tag oncoprotein have been revealed in CRC tissues.Meth

Modernization pioneered by Marshaal Daendels in 1808 has reach its peak in 1903.The old centralized government system of has been dismantled and replaced by a new modern institution one.The power of Regent reduced extremely.Part of his power was took over by Major, as a head od a new body of Government who administered the city.The new wave also oc

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive pulmonary disorder underpinned by poorly reversible airflow resulting from chronic bronchitis or emphysema.The prevalence and mortality of COPD continue to Heels increase.Pharmacotherapy for patients with COPD has included antibiotics, bronchodilators, and anti-inflammatory corticosteroi